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Question No 44:
Can a complete
specialization or ordinary class be inherited from a class template?
Justify in either case?
Answer:
Complete specialization or ordinary class
cannot inherit from a class template because as you can see complete
specialization is in fact instance of the class for one data type and in this way,
it is similar to ordinary class as ordinary class also can be instantiated for
its members of a particular data type.
Question No 45:
What is template class and why class
templates are used?
Answer:
A template class in C++ is a class
that allows the programmer to operate with generic data types. This allows the
class to be used on many different data types as per the requirements without
the need of being re-written for each type. Templates are powerful features of
C++ which allows us to write generic programs. A class template provides a specification
for generating classes based on parameters. Class templates are generally used
to implement containers. A class template is instantiated by passing a given
set of types to it as template arguments.
Question No 46:
Suppose we have a
Person class with an attribute age and we want another class Voter with some
attribute but with restriction that age can only be greater than 18 years. Both
classes have a SetAge function that set their respective attribute age with
passed value if value is fulfilling, the classes conditions (value is greater
than zero in case of Person class and value is greater than 18 in case of Voter
class).
You are to give the
code of implementation of this specialization relation in terms of classes Person
and Voter in C+++.
Question No 47:
Differentiate the Forward and Bidirectional
iterators?
Answer:
Bidirectional iterators can iterate in
either direction. They are considered as the forward iterators with two
decrement operators because they offer the same functionality as the forward
iterators, except that they can move in both directions.